Introduction: A Shift to Sustainable Farming in N.T.R District
In N.T.R District of Andhra Pradesh, India, a significant shift toward natural farming is taking root. K. Rajendra, a former computer training institute operator, has turned his focus to promoting sustainable agricultural practices among the youth, leveraging social media platforms like YouTube and WhatsApp.
The Challenge of Aging Farmers and Urban MigrationRajendra observes a worrying trend where farming is predominantly undertaken by the elderly, with younger generations moving to cities. This raises concerns about the future of farming in the region.
The Surge of Natural Farming in Andhra Pradesh
In Andhra Pradesh, the move towards natural farming has gained momentum, with approximately 800,000 farmers adopting these practices. This marks a significant increase from 40,000 since the state government initiated a community-managed natural farming project in 2015. Natural farming rejects synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in favor of organic manures and diverse cropping systems.
‘Farmer Rajendra’: From IT to AgricultureOnce an educator helping students secure software engineering jobs, Rajendra now dedicates his time to his natural farm. He uses digital platforms to share farming techniques and inspire youth to engage in agriculture, including his 17-year-old son.
Objectives of the Andhra Pradesh ProjectThe state’s project aims not only to sustain agricultural livelihoods but also to improve crop yields, enhance farmer health, reduce reliance on chemical inputs, and cut greenhouse gas emissions.
Decline in Farmer Numbers Amid Climate ChangeDespite agriculture being a major employer in India, the number of farmers has been declining due to the increasing costs and risks associated with farming. Climate change exacerbates these challenges, affecting crop yields and leading to increased farmer distress.
Green Farming Initiatives Amidst ChallengesWhile some farmers resort to increased chemical usage to boost yields, others, like Jalagam Syam, are turning to green farming practices. Syam, a former pharmaceutical worker, attributes common health issues in the region to agricultural chemicals.
The Economic and Ecological ConsiderationsTransitioning to natural farming in this rice-dominant region poses challenges. Farmers like Sadhupati Srinivas Rao face economic pressures that hinder their shift to sustainable practices. However, T. Vijay Kumar, leading the state’s natural farming project, emphasizes the importance of this approach in addressing climate uncertainties.
The Journey of Crop Yields in Natural FarmingInitial decreases in crop yields are often observed in natural farming, but these are typically offset by higher prices for natural produce and savings from reduced chemical use. The approach, while labor-intensive, is gaining traction among small landowners.
Promoting Crop Diversity and Organic Fertilization
The practice of crop diversification and the use of organic fertilizers, such as a mixture of cow dung, gram flour, and jaggery, are key components of natural farming. Farmers like P. Sabarinath have adopted these techniques, resulting in improved soil health and the return of biodiversity.
The Road Ahead: Adapting to Climate ChangeDespite the challenges, natural farming is seen as a crucial step towards adapting to climate change. State project leaders emphasize the importance of transitioning to sustainable practices, not only for livelihood and health but also for climate resilience.
Conclusion: A Slow yet Steady ShiftWhile the transition to natural farming is gradual, it represents a significant change in mindset and practice. The journey reflects a growing recognition of the need for sustainable, health-conscious, and climate-resilient agricultural practices in India.